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～Ｖ受身

Be acted on; passive verb forms

N4JLPT

Formation 接続

Group 1: a-row + れる; group 2: remove る + られる; する→される; 来る→来られる

Explanation 説明

The passive makes the affected person or thing the subject. It can also describe an unwanted effect on the speaker or a general fact such as where a product is made.

Examples 例文

私わたくしは母ははにほめられました。

I was praised by my mother.
財布さいふが誰だれかに盗ぬすまれました。

The wallet was stolen by someone.
帰かえり道みちで雨あめに降ふられました。

I got caught in the rain on my way home.
この建物たてものは一九九〇いちきゅうきゅうれい年ねんに建たてられました。

This building was built in 1990.
私わたくしは先生せんせいに名前なまえを呼よばれました。

My name was called by the teacher.

How related patterns differ 比較

The passive presents the affected participant; the potential expresses ability. The causative allows or makes another person act, and the causative passive describes being made to act. Check particles and participants as well as verb endings.

Pattern	Meaning	Example
～Ｖ受身	Be acted on; passive verb forms	私わたくしは母ははにほめられました。 I was praised by my mother.
～Ｖ可能形	Can; be able to; potential verb forms	私わたくしは日本語にほんごの新聞しんぶんが読よめます。 I can read Japanese newspapers.
～V 使役	Make or let someone do; causative	母ははは子こどもに野菜やさいを食たべさせました。 The mother made her child eat vegetables.
～Ｖ使役受身	Be made to do; causative passive	私わたくしは先生せんせいに作文さくぶんを書かかされました。 I was made to write a composition by the teacher.
しえきかたち	The causative form; make or let	赤あかちゃんがなかなか寝ねない時ときは、赤あかちゃんにクラシック音楽おんがくを聞きかせるとよく寝ねると聞きいた。 I heard that when a baby will not sleep, playing classical music for them helps them sleep well.

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