～V 使役
Make or let someone do; causative
Formation 接続
Group 1: a-row + せる; group 2: remove る + させる; する→させる; 来る→来させる
Explanation 説明
Describes causing, requiring or allowing another person to act. Context and the verb determine whether the meaning is coercion or permission.
Examples 例文
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母は子どもに野菜を食べさせました。
The mother made her child eat vegetables.
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先生は学生を立たせました。
The teacher made the students stand up.
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その話は祖母を笑わせました。
That story made my grandmother laugh.
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部長は部下を早く帰らせました。
The manager let the subordinate go home early.
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父は子どもを公園で遊ばせています。
The father is letting his child play in the park.
How related patterns differ 比較
The passive presents the affected participant; the potential expresses ability. The causative allows or makes another person act, and the causative passive describes being made to act. Check particles and participants as well as verb endings.
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ～V 使役 | Make or let someone do; causative | 母は子どもに野菜を食べさせました。 The mother made her child eat vegetables. |
| ～Ｖ受身 | Be acted on; passive verb forms | 私は母にほめられました。 I was praised by my mother. |
| ～Ｖ可能形 | Can; be able to; potential verb forms | 私は日本語の新聞が読めます。 I can read Japanese newspapers. |
| ～Ｖ使役受身 | Be made to do; causative passive | 私は先生に作文を書かされました。 I was made to write a composition by the teacher. |
| しえきかたち | The causative form; make or let | 赤ちゃんがなかなか寝ない時は、赤ちゃんにクラシック音楽を 聞かせる とよく寝ると聞いた。 I heard that when a baby will not sleep, playing classical music for them helps them sleep well. |
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