～時
toki
When; at the time that
Formation 接続
Plain verb / い-adjective + とき; N + のとき; な-adjective + なとき
Explanation 説明
Introduces the occasion or time of another event. A verb's dictionary or past form can indicate whether the referenced action is before or after completion.
Examples 例文
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暇なとき、本を読みます。
I read books when I have free time.
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日本へ行くとき、パスポートが必要です。
You need a passport when going to Japan.
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道が分からないとき、駅員に聞きます。
When I do not know the way, I ask a station attendant.
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子どものとき、よくこの公園で遊びました。
When I was a child, I often played in this park.
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寂しいとき、家族に電話します。
When I feel lonely, I phone my family.
How related patterns differ 比較
たところ can mark just having completed an action; ところに／へ brings an event into that moment. たばかり is subjectively recent, while たて often describes a freshly completed state. 前に, てから, 後で, and 時 organize different time relations.
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ～時 | When; at the time that | 暇なとき、本を読みます。 I read books when I have free time. |
| ～たて | Freshly done; newly completed | できたてのたこ焼きは、とっても熱いので、火傷をしないようにしてくださいね。 Freshly made takoyaki is very hot, so please be careful not to burn yourself. |
| ～たところ | When I did; on doing; having just done | 店に電話したところ、今日は休みだと言われました。 When I called the shop, I was told it was closed today. |
| ～ところに/ところへ | Just as; at the moment when | 出かけようとしているところに、電話がかかってきました。 Just as I was about to go out, the phone rang. |
| 〜たばかり | Have just done | 動物園では、生まれたばかりのトラの赤ちゃんに見えます。 At the zoo, you can see a tiger cub that has just been born. |
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