そんけいご(尊敬語)
sonkeigo
Honorific language; respectful expressions
Formation 接続
? + V?? stem + ???; ? + suitable verbal noun + ???; passive forms used honorifically; special honorific verbs
Explanation 説明
Raises the status of the person whose action is described. Special verbs such as いらっしゃる, おっしゃる and なさる are used for common actions.
Examples 例文
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ご来場の皆様、本日は第3回さくら市教育講演会においでくださり、ありがとうございます。
Thank you all for coming to the Third Sakura City Education Lecture today.
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森先生:「はい、北山日本語学校です。」
Teacher Mori: Hello, this is Kitayama Japanese Language School.
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リー :「もしもし、 中 級クラスのリーですが、森先生は いらっしゃいます か」
Lee: Hello, this is Lee from the intermediate class. May I speak to Teacher Mori?
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森先生:「あ、リーさん。森です、どうしましたか。」
Teacher Mori: Oh, Lee. This is Mori. What is the matter?
How related patterns differ 比較
尊敬語 honors another person's actions, while 謙譲語 humbles one's own side to show respect. Directive こと is used for written rules; として marks a capacity or role and is not itself an honorific form.
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| そんけいご(尊敬語) | Honorific language; respectful expressions | ご来場の皆様、本日は第3回さくら市教育講演会においでくださり、ありがとうございます。 Thank you all for coming to the Third Sakura City Education Lecture today. |
| ~として | As; in the capacity of | 先輩としてのアドバイス Advice from a senior colleague. |
| 〜こと | A rule or instruction; must; must not | テストのときは携帯電話はカバンの中にしまうこと。 Keep your mobile phone in your bag during the test. |
| けんじょうご | Humble language; modest expressions | 店員:「いらっしゃいませ。2名様ですか。」 Staff: Welcome. A table for two? |
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