(で)すら (sura): Even
~(で)すら (sura)
Meaning
even
Formation and usage
N + (で)すら
Explanation
Highlights an extreme example; more literary or formal than さえ.
Examples
忙しくて、資料すら読めなかった。
I was so busy that I could not even read the documents.
忙しくて、報告書すら読めなかった。
I was so busy that I could not even read the report.
忙しくて、説明書すら読めなかった。
I was so busy that I could not even read the instructions.
忙しくて、計画書すら読めなかった。
I was so busy that I could not even read the written plan.
忙しくて、申込書すら読めなかった。
I was so busy that I could not even read the application form.
How related patterns differ
さえ and すら give extreme examples; たりとも excludes even the smallest amount. はおろか denies a more basic case. どころか counters an expectation; どころではない leaves no room to act. のみ and にすぎない limit things with different emphasis.