～で
de
At; by; with; because of
N5JLPT
Formation 接続
Place / tool / means / cause + で; amount or time + で
Explanation 説明
Marks the location of an action, its means or instrument, a cause, or a limit in time or quantity. Interpret it together with the noun and predicate.
Examples 例文
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はしで食べます。
I eat with chopsticks.
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この仕事は明日で終りますか
Will this job be finished by tomorrow?
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駅で新聞を買います。
I buy a newspaper at the station.
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英語でレポートを書きます。
I write reports in English.
How related patterns differ 比較
に can mark a time, destination, or other roles; へ emphasizes direction. で often marks an activity's location or means. から～まで spans start to end, while までに sets a deadline. Travel purposes use に after the intended activity.
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ～で | At; by; with; because of | はしで食べます。 I eat with chopsticks. |
| ～に/へ | To; toward; marking a destination | 明日、旅行に行きます。 I will go on a trip tomorrow. |
| ～ に | At a specified time | 私は水曜日の１９時にＡさんに会います。 I will meet A at seven p.m. on Wednesday. |
| ～から～まで | From; until; from one point to another | 9時から午後5時まで働きます。 I work from nine a.m. to five p.m. |
| ～へ～を～に行く | Go or come somewhere to do something | 日本へ文化の勉強に来ました。 I came to Japan to study its culture. |
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