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Đề Thi Tiếng Nhật

Grammar Level N1


べからず (bekarazu): Must not; prohibited

~べからず (bekarazu)

Meaning

Must not; prohibited

Formation and usage

V dictionary + べからず; V dictionary + べからざるN
Notation: N = noun; V dictionary = dictionary-form verb; V stem = the stem before ます; plain clause = plain-form clause; negative stem = the form before ない. Follow the attachment shown above.

Explanation

An old-fashioned prohibition found in signs and maxims; べからざる modifies a noun.

Examples

展示品に触れるべからず。

Do not touch the exhibits.

関係者以外、立ち入るべからず。

No unauthorized entry.

他人の秘密を軽々しく語るべからず。

One must not speak carelessly about other people's secrets.

これは許すべからざる不正行為だ。

This is an unforgivable act of misconduct.

安全確認は、忘れるべからざる基本である。

Safety checks are a fundamental duty that must not be forgotten.

How related patterns differ

たる invokes a role's qualities; たらんとする aspires to it. まじき and ともあろう者が condemn unworthy conduct. べからず prohibits, while てしかるべきだ states what is proper. These forms can be strong or old-fashioned, so register matters.


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