～ば
ba
If; provided that
Formation 接続
V conditional form + ば; い-adjective stem + ければ; N / な-adjective + なら / であれば
Explanation 説明
States a condition for the result in the second part. Verb endings change to the e-row plus ば, while negative ない becomes なければ.
Examples 例文
-
このかばんが安ければ、ぜひ買いたいです。
If this bag is inexpensive, I would definitely like to buy it.
-
部屋があつくなければ、エアコンを消してください。
If the room is not hot, please turn off the air conditioner.
-
このボタンを押せば、冷たい水が出ますよ。
If you press this button, cold water will come out.
-
試験で100点が取れれば、あの大学にも合格できるでしょう。
If you can score a hundred on the exam, you should be able to get into that university.
-
彼がくれば、すぐに出発します
If he comes, we will leave immediately.
-
もっと練習すれば、絶対に勝ちますよ
If you practise more, you will definitely win.
-
高くても、便利なら買いたいです。
Even if it is expensive, I would like to buy it if it is convenient.
-
明日なら行けますよ。
If it is tomorrow, I can go.
How related patterns differ 比較
と commonly states a regular or habitual consequence; たら can introduce a condition or a later event. なら takes a stated premise, while ば emphasizes a condition. としたら and とすれば hypothesize; 場合に formally specifies a case.
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ～ば | If; provided that | このかばんが安ければ、ぜひ買いたいです。 If this bag is inexpensive, I would definitely like to buy it. |
| ～としたら | If we suppose that; if it were the case that | 彼女に誕生日プレゼントをあげるとしたら、何がいいと思う？ If you were to give her a birthday present, what do you think would be good? |
| ～と | When; whenever; if a natural result follows | このボタンを押すと、ドアが開きます。 When you press this button, the door opens. |
| ～たら | If; when; after | クラスが終わったら何をしますか。 What will you do when class is over? |
| ～なら | If that is the case; as for | A：今度、大阪に旅行に行くんだけど、何かオススメある？ A: I am going to Osaka soon. Do you have any recommendations? |
Comments posted (0)